Arctodus simus (Short-faced Bear)

[another specialist]

The fossil record of South American short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae)

Abstract
The present study includes a review of the geographic and stratigraphic distribution of short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae) in South America. In addition, the authors discuss biogeographic hypotheses regarding the origin of South American tremarctines. The Tremarctinae subfamily is distributed exclusively in America, from Alaska to southern Patagonia. Its biochron comprises the temporal lapse between Late Miocene and recent times; the first record of Tremarctinae in North America corresponds to the Hemphillian and the last to the Rancholabrean. In South America, the first record corresponds to the Ensenadan. In the present day, it corresponds to the only living tremarctine, the ‘Andean Bear,’ but short-faced bears became extinct during the early Holocene. The extinction of short-faced bears in North and South America appears to have been approximately synchronous. Finally, the fossil record in South America indicates species turnover between the Ensenadan and Bonaerian, during which time the giant species Arctotherium angustidens was replaced by Arctotherium tarijense, Arctotherium bonaeriense, and Arctotherium vetustum (and probably Arctotherium wingei).

www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VDS-4HF5KDT-3&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=501d995beb5cdef50bc24802693321e7

[another specialist]

Short-faced Bear
Arctodus simus




The short-faced bear's size in comparison to the modern day grizzly (front) and polar bear (middle).



The short-faced bear was the largest and most powerful carnivore found at Rancho La Brea. Its size alone was probably enough to scare away any opposing animal. This bear stood over five feet tall at the shoulder, making it larger than the modern grizzly, brown, and polar bears of North America. When standing upright, the short-faced bear was over 11 feet tall and could weigh as much as 1,800 pounds. Its teeth suggest that this bear, like the modern grizzly or brown bears, was an omnivore with a diet dependent on food that was available.

www.tarpits.org/education/guide/flora/bear.html

[another specialist]

An Exceptionally Large Short-faced Bear (Arctodus simus) from theLate Pleistocene(?)/Early Holocene of Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Katrina E. Gobetz and Larry D. Martin

www.centerfirstamericans.org/crp/crp_pdf/2001_v18.pdf

[another specialist]

www.scribd.com/doc/2621714/Mysterious-CreaturesA-Guide-To-Cryptozoology

[surroundx]

Donohue SL, DeSantis LRG, Schubert BW, Ungar PS. (2013). Was the Giant Short-Faced Bear a Hyper-Scavenger? A New Approach to the Dietary Study of Ursids Using Dental Microwear Textures. PLoS ONE 8(10): e77531.

[surroundx]

DeSantis, Larisa R. G., Schubert, Blaine W., Schmitt-Linville, Elizabeth, Ungar, Peter S., Donohue, Shelly L. and Haupt, Ryan J. (2015). Dental Microwear Textures of Carnivorans from the La Brea Tar Pits, California, and Potential Extinction Implications, pp. 37-52. In: Harris, John M. (ed.). La Brea and Beyond: The Paleontology of Asphalt-Preserved Biotas. Los Angeles, California: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Science Series No. 42. 174 pp.

[surroundx]

Borja Figueirido, Juan A. Pérez-Claros, Vanessa Torregrosa, Alberto Martín-Serra, and Paul Palmqvist. (2010). Demythologizing Arctodus simus, the ‘Short-Faced’ Long-Legged and Predaceous Bear that Never Was. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(1): 262-275.

[surroundx]

Pérez-Crespo, Víctor Adrián et al. (2016). Carbon and oxygen isotopic values for a short faced bear individual (Arctodus simus) from Cedral, San Luis Potosí, México. ICBS Proceedings [2016]: 57-61

[surroundx]

Steffen, Martina L. and Fulton, Tara L. (In Press, 2017). On the association of giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus) and brown bear (Ursus arctos) in late Pleistocene North America. Geobios. doi.org/10.1016/j.geobios.2017.12.001 [Abstract]

[surroundx]

Figueirido, Borja et al. (2017). Dental caries in the fossil record: a window to the evolution of dietary plasticity in an extinct bear. Scientific Reports 7: 17813.

[surroundx]

Czaplewski, Nicholas J., Rogers, Kyler J. and Russell, Clayton. (2018). Late Pleistocene vertebrates from Three-Forks Cave, Adair County, Oklahoma Ozark Hiughland. Journal of Cave & Karst Studies 80(2): 1-16. [Abstract]

[surroundx]

Mychajliw, Alexis M. et al. (2020). Biogeographic problem-solving reveals the Late Pleistocene translocation of a short-faced bear to the California Channel Islands. Scientific Reports 10: 15172.

[Melanie]

There is a new book on the Short-faced bear titled Chasing the Ghost Bear

www.nhbs.com/chasing-the-ghost-bear-book