Post by Sebbe on Oct 23, 2015 20:14:17 GMT
Phylogeny of the genus Rhynchocalamus (Reptilia; Colubridae) with a first record from the Sultanate of Oman
The genus Rhynchocalamus comprises three species distributed in Southwest Asia. Little is known about them, most probably
because of their secretive fossorial lifestyle. The poor knowledge of the genus is even underscored by the fact that its
phylogenetic affinities remained unclear until very recently. The least known of the species, Rhynchocalamus arabicus,
is known only from the holotype collected in Aden, Yemen, and it has not been observed since its description in 1933.
Here we provide a second record for this species, which represents the first record of this genus for Oman. This extends
its range in southern Arabia by more than 1000 km. The observed specimen was determined as R. arabicus on the basis
of its similarity in size, color, and scalation with the holotype. Furthermore, we sequenced three mitochondrial (12S, 16S,
cytb) and one nuclear (cmos) genes for R. arabicus and for two individuals of R. melanocephalus and one R. satunini and
inferred the phylogenetic relationships of all currently recognized species of the genus for the first time. The results of our
phylogenetic analyses indicate that Rhynchocalamus is a member of the Western Palearctic clade of Colubrinae and is sister
to Lytorhynchus, with which it forms a very well supported clade and shares some morphological characters. As our
results show, R. satunini is the basal lineage of the genus and R. melanocephalus is sister to R. arabicus.
www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2015/f/z04033p392f.pdf
The genus Rhynchocalamus comprises three species distributed in Southwest Asia. Little is known about them, most probably
because of their secretive fossorial lifestyle. The poor knowledge of the genus is even underscored by the fact that its
phylogenetic affinities remained unclear until very recently. The least known of the species, Rhynchocalamus arabicus,
is known only from the holotype collected in Aden, Yemen, and it has not been observed since its description in 1933.
Here we provide a second record for this species, which represents the first record of this genus for Oman. This extends
its range in southern Arabia by more than 1000 km. The observed specimen was determined as R. arabicus on the basis
of its similarity in size, color, and scalation with the holotype. Furthermore, we sequenced three mitochondrial (12S, 16S,
cytb) and one nuclear (cmos) genes for R. arabicus and for two individuals of R. melanocephalus and one R. satunini and
inferred the phylogenetic relationships of all currently recognized species of the genus for the first time. The results of our
phylogenetic analyses indicate that Rhynchocalamus is a member of the Western Palearctic clade of Colubrinae and is sister
to Lytorhynchus, with which it forms a very well supported clade and shares some morphological characters. As our
results show, R. satunini is the basal lineage of the genus and R. melanocephalus is sister to R. arabicus.
www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2015/f/z04033p392f.pdf