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Post by Deleted on Aug 30, 2007 19:41:07 GMT
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Post by another specialist on Aug 30, 2007 20:44:36 GMT
II Historical Geology and Geographic Distribution It is possible that Bos primigenius arose out of the South Asian taxon B. namadicus which, itself, may have been a descendant of the Early or Middle Pleistocene B. planifrons from the Siwaliks of India and Pakistan. In the late Quaternary, B. primigenius became extensively distributed throughout the Eurasian continent and North Africa. The earliest occurrence of this 6 taxon is from Europe prior to the D-Holsteinian interglacial stage at 230,000 years. Many occurrences appear in the European Holocene directly into the 4-Wurm Glacial Stage where they inhabited the southern regions of the Alps. The last European cow died in 1627 A.D. (Kurten, 1968). From the perspective of current data, it appears the geologic history of B. primigenius in China began later than in Europe, as there is still no Middle Pleistocene record of this taxon, although it is a frequently found biostratigraphic indicator for Late Pleistocene sediments. Previously, B. primigenius was recognized not only for its late appearance, but also for its short duration, being restricted to the Late Pleistocene. In 1980, however, paleontologists Lanpo Jia and Qi Wei made the discovery of a Holocene fauna in which B. primigenius occurred at the Dingjiabao Reservoir in Yangyuan County, along the Sanganhe River. The discovery illustrated the survival of this taxon in the Late Pleistocene, and confirmed its continuation into the Holocene at least prior to 3,000 years ago. www.nau.edu/~qsp/will_downs/79.Bos.pdf |
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Post by Peter on Sept 2, 2007 13:01:49 GMT
Information on the occurrence of the aurochs in Asia is pretty scarce. The mid and east Asian populations of the aurochs probably became already extinct in the Pleistocene. Palaeontologists Lanpo Jia and Qi Wei (1980) claim to have made the discovery of a Holocene aurochs in China (Zong 1984), but this determination is unreliable because the remains were found in a river that probably moved it from its original site (Van Vuure 2003). However, almost certainly a population in India has survived, because in that area the domesticated zebu originated. An early image of the zebu made by the Mohenjo-Daro culture dates from 4000-2000 B.C., at that time people knew also other cattle breeds that resembled western breeds. www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/aurochs.htm |
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Post by Peter on Sept 2, 2007 13:04:28 GMT
The aurochs (Bos primigenius Bojanus, 1827) had once a distribution area that included almost whole of Europe, large parts of Asia, and North Africa (see range map below). At that time there existed still three subspecies of the aurochs, namely Bos primigenius namadicus Falconer, 1859 that occurred in India, the Bos primigenius mauretanicus Thomas, 1881 from North Africa and naturally the Bos primigenius primigenius Bojanus, 1827 from Europe and the Middle East. (Van Vuure, 2003)  Blue: primigenius subspecies - Yellow: mauretanicus subspecies - Green: namadicus subspecies Source: www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/aurochs.htm |
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Post by Peter on Sept 2, 2007 13:06:10 GMT
There has been considerable discussion regarding the actual taxonomic status of the different aurochs subspecies. Based on detailed craniometric analysis, Grisson (1980) has proposed that Bos primigenius namadicus and Bos primigenius primigenius should be classified as separate species. Epstein & Mason (1984) disputed this proposal, claiming that the distinction between races is not particularly clear-cut, being based on body size and horn shape (both of which can be affected by environmental influences). This view is also shared by Zeuner (1963a) and Payne (1991) who argue that geographical range is the basis of the classification and not biological taxonomic status. (Bunzel-Drüke, 2001) Source: www.petermaas.nl/extinct/speciesinfo/aurochs.htm |
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Post by another specialist on Sept 2, 2007 20:59:42 GMT
does anyone know where to get (Zong 1984) paper?
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Post by another specialist on Jun 21, 2008 7:48:40 GMT
Asian Aurochs (Bos primigenius namadicus) distribution: China; India; Mongolia; Tibet -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- size: ca. 3,5 m (length) extinction date: ca. 1000 B.P. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This subspecies is known only on the basis of bone findings, of which some found in India have dated on an age of about 2000 B.P., others from China were even about 1000 years younger. Like its conspecifics in Africa and Europe, also the asian Aurochs was domesticated, but also the asian cattle breed were interbreed with european ones. www.extinct.minks-lang.de/index_english.html |
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Post by another specialist on Dec 17, 2008 8:01:42 GMT
  Wild oxen, sheep & goats of all lands, living and extinct (1898) Author: Lydekker, Richard, 1849-1915 |
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