Phacochoerus aethiopicus ssp. aethiopicus (Cape Warthog)

[another specialist]

etc.usf.edu/clipart/galleries/Animals/mammals_5.htm

[another specialist]

Evidence of two genetically deeply divergent species of warthog, Phacochoerus africanusand P. aethiopicus (Artiodactyla: Suiformes) in East Africa

E. Randia, , , J.-P. DŒHuartb, , V. Lucchinia and R. Amanc,

aIstituto Nazionale per la Fauna Selvatica, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italia

bWWF Belgium, Brussels, Belgium

cNational Museum of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya


Received 3 January 2001; accepted 30 May 2001. Available online 18 November 2004.

Summary
Two species of warthogs (Phacochoerus), differing by the number of functional incisors, were described in the Holocene fossil record: the common warthog (P. africanus), widespread in sub-Saharan Africa, and the Cape, or desert warthog (P. aethiopicus), which was considered extinct since 1896, but was recently rediscovered in East Africa by morphological analyses. Mitochondrial and single-copy nuclear DNA sequences show that common and desert warthogs belong to two deeply divergent monophyletic lineages, that might have originated in the last part of the Pliocene. The finding of two genetically divergent extant species of warthogs highlights the importance of molecular methods applied to the knowledge and conservation of biodiversity in Africa, to uncover the tempo and mode of its species evolution.

Key words: Phacochoerus aethiopicus; P. africanus; mtDNA; PRE-1; East Africa

www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B7GX2-4DTSN38-B&_user=10&_coverDate=01%2F01%2F2002&_alid=759119758&_rdoc=6&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=20474&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=6&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=88d70cf4d7f61d5018d244d5eb70266b

[another specialist]

SUBSPECIES Phacochoerus aethiopicus aethiopicus
Author: Pallas, 1766.
Citation: Misc. Zool.: 16.
Type Locality: "Promontoria Bona Spei advectus"; between Kaffraria and Great Namaqualand (South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov.), two hundred leagues from the Cape of Good Hope according to Vosmaer (1766).

www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14200020

[another specialist]

Jun 25, 2008 19:29:49 GMT another specialist said:

May 20, 2005 14:55:50 GMT Peter said:

The image and pic of the original article:"

Peter do you still have this images saved some where?

Found the article so rescanned and here it is.

[another specialist]

Pigs, Peccaries, and Hippos
By Peter Reijnders, William L. R. Oliver, IUCN/SSC Pigs and Peccaries Specialist Group, IUCN/SSC Hippo Specialist Group

[another specialist]

Jan 22, 2006 16:40:49 GMT @sebbe67 said:

My own photos taken in the Natural History Museum at Tring - April 30 2009

[Deleted]

Cape Warthog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus aethiopicus)



from 'Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1850, 78-79'

[Peter]

Whereas the Cape warthog, P. aethiopicus aethiopicus, became extinct in South Africa in the 1870s, it survives in Kenya, Ethiopia and Somalia as a geographically isolated subspecies, P. aethiopicus delamerei.

Specimen n° 11828/9801 of Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History collected in May 1871 by J.H. Taylor in “South Africa” - Washington, D.C. - R. Cuddahee, pers. comm.

The Cape species was last recorded from the wild in 1871 (specimen in the Smithsonian) at a time when the range of the common warthog was still not fully known.

From: Grubb, P. and d'Huart, J.P. (2010). Rediscovery of the Cape Warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus: a Review. Journal of East African Natural History 99(2): 77-102. www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.2982/028.099.0204

[surroundx]

Ewer, R. F. (1957). A collection of Phacochoerus aethiopicus teeth from the Kalkbank Middle Stone Age site, central Transvaal. Palaeontologia Africana 5: 5-20.

[surroundx]

Randi, E., J.P. d'Huart, V. Lucchini and R. Aman (2002). Evidence of two genetically deeply divergent species of warthog Phacochoerus africanus and P. aethiopicus (Artiodactyla: Suiformes) in East Africa. Mammalian Biology 67(2): 91-96.

[surroundx]

Taru, Phillip. (2016). Fossil hair in brown hyaena (Parahyaena brunnea) coprolites from Middle Pleistocene deposits at Gladysvale Cave, South Africa. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments. DOI: 10.1007/s12549-015-0227-7 [Abstract]

[Sebbe]

Impacts of taxonomic inertia for the conservation of African ungulate diversity: an overview

We review the state of African ungulate taxonomy over the last 120 years, with an emphasis on the introduction of the polytypic species concept and the discipline's general neglect since the middle of the 20th century. We single out negative consequences of 'orthodox' taxonomy, highlighting numerous cases of neglect of threatened lineages, unsound translocations that led to lineage introgression, and cases of maladaptation to local conditions including parasitic infections. Additionally, several captive breeding programmes have been hampered by chromosome rearrangements caused by involuntary lineage mixing. We advocate that specimen-based taxonomy should regain its keystone role in mammal research and conservation biology, with its scientific values augmented with genomic evidence. While integration with molecular biology, ecology and behaviour is needed for a full understanding of ungulate alpha diversity, we stress that morphological diversity has been neglected despite its tremendous practical importance for some groups of 'utilizers' such as trophy hunters, wildlife tourists and conservationists. We conclude that there is no evidence that purported 'taxonomic inflation' has adverse effects on ungulate conservation: rather, it is taxonomic inertia that has such adverse effects. We stress that sound science, founded on robust taxonomy, should underpin effective sustainable management (hunting, ranching, captive breeding and reintroduction programmes) of this unique African natural resource.

Available from: www.researchgate.net/publication/316365324_Impacts_of_taxonomic_inertia_for_the_conservation_of_African_ungulate_diversity_an_overview [accessed May 12, 2017].