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Post by sebbe67 on Mar 4, 2005 10:01:32 GMT
Alcelaphus caama caama
The Cape red hartebeest was saved from extinction for over a century purely by the concern of one farming family, and when the farm was sold in 1938 the antelope disappeared. The Cape red hartebeest was once abundant through South and Southwest Africa when the white settlers arrived and formed two subspecies ( Alcelaphus caama selbornei survived in Namibia and has in recent year been introduced into South Africa). The red form was so decimated by the europeans in the 1800 large heard could be spotted just outside the vicinity of Cape town had survived in 25 years and only a tiny remnant survived to the north in Natal.
A letter in the 1883 report by the International office in Brussel says: Cape hartebeest was formerly abundant in the midlands of Natal but know farmers has killed them all with the exception of about 25 animals on a farm owned by Messrs Moe Bros who do everything possible to protect them against the bloodlust of neighbouring farmers and the savage attacks of dogs owned by the natives.
In 1938 the heard was still there and it had grown to 55 animals but the fram was up for sale. Despite some agitation especially by a captain called G.C Shortridge the herd was allowed to disperse though some animals more or less hybridized may be found in zoos and reserves. The persecution of the Cape hartebeest by most farmers has an explanation and the antelopes previously mentioned resemblance to the cattle family is relevant thought the Cape hartebeest was a smaller and narrower horned creature than the Bubal. The farmers belived that the hartebeest carried a cattle disease (called shotsiekve) and did everything they could to keep the antelopes off their ranges. They were misstaken in their suspicions but their precautionary measures were so drastic that by the 1940 the Cape red hartebeest was extinct.
Its close relative Alcelaphus caama selbornei had been completely eliminated inside South Africa (this one has since been reintroduced).
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Post by sebbe67 on Mar 4, 2005 10:04:38 GMT
there is a illustration of this animal in
The doomsday book of animals
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Post by another specialist on Aug 6, 2005 7:51:37 GMT
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Post by Melanie on May 1, 2006 13:54:39 GMT
 from Doomsday Book |
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Post by another specialist on May 1, 2006 19:04:19 GMT
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Post by another specialist on May 1, 2006 19:12:28 GMT
 EXTINCT SPECIES OF THE WORLD |
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Post by another specialist on Feb 2, 2007 9:30:57 GMT
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Post by Carlos on Feb 3, 2007 17:18:34 GMT
Well, they are certainly Alcephalus caama, but as the difference between the presumed subspecies caama (extinct) and selbornei (extant) is based in a more richly coloured coat in the second, it is almost impossible to tell for sure in those aged photographs.
Neverthelss, once said that, I would say that the upper one looks more "coloured" than the other, so chances are for the lower one to be a genuine "caama". But is hard to tell.
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Post by another specialist on Feb 3, 2007 18:52:13 GMT
Thanks for you opinion Carlos gratefully received.
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Post by Melanie on Sept 10, 2007 21:21:56 GMT
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Post by another specialist on Jul 13, 2008 20:10:37 GMT
SPECIES Alcelaphus caama Author: É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803. Citation: Cat. Mamm. Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat.: 269. Common Name: Red Hartebeest Type Locality: "Le cap de Bonne Esperance"; since restricted to syntype locality South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov., Steynsburg (Grubb, 1999). Distribution: S Angola, Botswana, Lesotho (extinct), Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland (introduced), and W Zimbabwe. Status: IUCN – Lower Risk (cd) as A. buselaphus caama. Comments: Authorship and date of publication validated by Opinion 2005 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (2002b). Alcelaphus buselaphus would be paraphyletic if A. caama were included, as the latter is the sister-species of A. lichtensteinii (Arctander et al., 1999; Flagstad et al., 2000). www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14200504 |
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Post by another specialist on Apr 28, 2009 22:13:59 GMT
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Post by another specialist on May 1, 2009 8:48:22 GMT
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Post by Peter on May 2, 2009 18:27:22 GMT
SPECIES Alcelaphus caama Author: É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803. Citation: Cat. Mamm. Mus. Nation. Hist. Nat.: 269. Common Name: Red Hartebeest Type Locality: "Le cap de Bonne Esperance"; since restricted to syntype locality South Africa, Eastern Cape Prov., Steynsburg (Grubb, 1999). Distribution: S Angola, Botswana, Lesotho (extinct), Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland (introduced), and W Zimbabwe. Status: IUCN – Lower Risk (cd) as A. buselaphus caama. Comments: Authorship and date of publication validated by Opinion 2005 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (2002b). Alcelaphus buselaphus would be paraphyletic if A. caama were included, as the latter is the sister-species of A. lichtensteinii (Arctander et al., 1999; Flagstad et al., 2000). www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14200504The paper version (also partly online available by Google Books) also mentions its synonymy: cama (Bryden, 1899); dorcas (Sparman, 1783) [unavailable;]; evalensis (Monard, 1933); obscurus (Frechkop, 1937); selbornei (Lydekker, 1913); senegalensis (G. Cuvier, 1816). Reference: Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn M. (editors). 2005. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. As you can see, selbornei is considered a synonym of caama, therefor this species/subspecies still survives.  The slight colour difference might not have been proven to be enough to grant the "colour morphs" subspecific status. Does anyone maybe have some additional data on this? Peter |
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Post by another specialist on May 2, 2009 19:25:34 GMT
Has anyone got an image of selbornei for compare?
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Post by another specialist on Jul 25, 2009 6:47:38 GMT
Stuffed megamammal week, day 1: Khama Category: mammalogy Posted on: April 6, 2009 4:45 AM, by Darren Naish I said the other day that I was going to have go all 'text lite' for a while. Here is my solution: a series of short posts, one per day, each of which features a different stuffed megamammal. Yes, welcome to day 1 of stuffed megamammal week. All of the stuffed megamammals you're going to see were photographed in the excellent collection at the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin. So here we go.  This remarkable creature is a Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus, and, specifically, it's a female hartebeest belonging to the subspecies known as the Khama, Cape or Red hartebeest A. b. caama. Like so many subspecies, the Khama was originally regarded as a distinct species, and in fact still is by some. Those who do regard it as a species split it into two subspecies: A. caama caama (described in 1816 and extinct by 1940) and A. caama selbournei. Though some controversy remains, it does now seem that the massive variation present among the many regional forms of hartebeest - about 70 taxa have been named, ranging across most of sub-Saharan Africa* - can all be accommodated within a single species, and indeed there are various hybrid zones where confusing intermediate morphologies are present (Ruxton & Schwarz 1929). Some authors - notably Jonathan Kingdon - regard Lichtenstein's hartebeest or the Nkonzi as a subspecies of A. buselaphus, but most workers regard it as a separate species that even warrants it own 'genus': Sigmoceros lichstensteinii. In overall shape, all hartebeest are alike: they are long-legged, short-necked alcephaline antelopes with tall shoulders and very long, narrow faces. * And, previously, north of the Sahara too. The 'original' hartebeest, the nominate form of the species, is the now extinct Bubal A. b. buselaphus, a semi-desert specialist and the smallest of all the hartebeest. Formerly widespread across northern Africa, it was hunted to extinction by about 1923 (or perhaps a little later). Hartebeest might be similar in shape, but they differ in colour (varying from dark red with black patches to light golden brown) and in horn shape. In some forms, the horns are widely spaced, relatively short and with backswept tips, while in others the horns have long, virtually conjoined bases (or pedicels) and curve outwards and then inwards at their tips, thereby forming tall, lyre-like shapes. In fact Dutch settlers thought that the shape of the horns resembled that of a heart, hence the common name. The adjacent photo shows some hartebeest horns I photographed in an antiques shop last year. I think they are Khama horns.  Kingdon (1997) proposed that the forms with the short horn bases, like the Kongoni A. b. cokei, Korkay A. b. swaynei and Tora A. b. tora (all of which are from eastern Africa), are more primitive than the tall-pedicelled forms like the Khama (of the Kalahari) and Kanki A. b. major (of western Africa). This has been mostly confirmed by DNA evidence (Flagstad et al. 2001, 2004) which indicates that hartebeest originated in eastern Africa and colonised the rest of the continent from there. DNA and fossil evidence also indicates that the extant alcelaphines (hartebeest, wildebeest, topi and kin) became extinct across most of their Pleistocene range and survived into the Holocene in just a few refugia: for hartebeest, two of these were north of the equator and one was south of it (Arctander et al. 1999, Flagstad et al. 2001). It is well known that alcelaphines are a very young clade (perhaps less than five million years old), and that, within their short history, they diversified rapidly. Data shows that their diversification events match key climatic changes, and in fact their evolution inspired Elisabeth Vrba to come up with the 'turnover pulse' hypothesis. And... so much more to say, but I gotta stop there. Arctander, P., Johansen, C. & Coutellec-Vreto, M. A. 1999. Phylogeography of three closely related African bovids (tribe Alcelaphini). Molecular Biology and Evolution 16, 1724-1739. Flagstad, Ø, Olsaker, I. & Røed, K. H. 2004. The use of heterologous primers for analysing microsatellite variation in Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus. Hereditas 130, 337-340. - ., Syvertsen, P. O., Stenseth, N. C. & Jakobsen, K. S. 2001. Environmental change and rates of evolution: the phylogeographic pattern within the hartebeest complex as related to climatic variation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 268, 667-677. Kingdon, J. 1997. The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals. Academic Press, San Diego. Ruxton, A. E. & Schwarz, E. 1929. On hybrid hartebeests and on the distribution of the Alcelaphus buselaphus group. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 38, 567-583. scienceblogs.com/tetrapodzoology/2009/04/stuffed_megamammal_week_day_1.php |
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Post by another specialist on Jul 25, 2009 7:00:20 GMT
Has anyone got an image of selbornei for compare? Well I'm going back to Tring museum sometime soon so will take close ups of all the hartebeest believe one was selbornei? |
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Post by surroundx on May 6, 2015 11:27:24 GMT
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Post by koeiyabe on Dec 5, 2015 1:46:03 GMT
  "Lost Animals (in Japanese)" by WWF Japan (1996) |
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The slight colour difference might not have been proven to be enough to grant the "colour morphs" subspecific status. Does anyone maybe have some additional data on this?
