Acratocnus antillensis (Cuban sloth)

[another specialist]

Jun 21, 2008 21:25:27 GMT another specialist said:

Habanocnus hoffstetteri-Cuba

www.extinct.minks-lang.de/index_english.html

Jun 21, 2008 21:27:43 GMT another specialist said:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habanocnus

Dec 7, 2008 11:13:05 GMT @noisi said:

This is a synonym of Acratocnus antillensis.

source:

Marjorie M. Condis; Osvaldo Jiménez; Fernando Balseiro: 'Mamiferos del Registro Fósil y Asociados a Sitios Arqueológicas de Cuba (Terciaria y Cuaternario)' (2007)

[another specialist]

Dec 7, 2008 11:13:05 GMT @noisi said:

This is a synonym of Acratocnus antillensis.

source:

Marjorie M. Condis; Osvaldo Jiménez; Fernando Balseiro: 'Mamiferos del Registro Fósil y Asociados a Sitios Arqueológicas de Cuba (Terciaria y Cuaternario)' (2007)

Jun 25, 2008 7:46:41 GMT another specialist said:

Hispaniola. Although several Holocene "whole bone" 14C dates have been reported for Haitian cave sites (40–42), these dates were not necessarily tied to individual taxa. For sloths, this task would have been difficult in do in any event, because Hispaniolan sloths were not revised systematically until recently (5). Nevertheless, a single "whole-bone" date (8,120 ± 216 yr BP) on an assortment of sloth bones (42) provided the first evidence that phyllophagans had persisted into the Holocene on that island.
Here, we report nine previously undescribed AMS 14C dates (Table 4) on sloth bones identified to species, all from limestone caves and sinkholes on the Haitian side of Hispaniola. Three of the seven sites are in the Massif de la Selle in southeastern Haiti; another three are on the Plain Formon of the Tiburon Peninsula (41). The seventh site, Trouing Gallery, is on Ile de la Tortue, 7.5 km off Haiti's northern coast. As in Cuba, none of the dated Haitian sloth bones is associated with cultural features or artifacts.

www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/102/33/11763

Dec 7, 2008 11:12:29 GMT @noisi said:

This is a synonym of Acratocnus antillensis.

source:

Marjorie M. Condis; Osvaldo Jiménez; Fernando Balseiro: 'Mamiferos del Registro Fósil y Asociados a Sitios Arqueológicas de Cuba (Terciaria y Cuaternario)' (2007)

[another specialist]

01. Acratocnus antillensis-Antilles Sloth-Cuba

syn. Galerocnus jaimezi, Habanocnus hoffstetteri, Habanocnus paulacoutoi, Miocnus antillensis, Paramiocnus riveroi

extinctanimals.proboards22.com/index.cgi?board=exsloths&action=display&thread=419

[Sebbe]

Updated checklist of endemic terrestrial mammals of the West Indies

Acratocnus antillensis (Matthew, 1931). Amer.
Mus. Novitates 511: 4.
COMMON NAME Cuban sloth
TYPE LOCALITY Casimba in Sierra de
Jatibonico, Cuba
DISTRIBUTION Cuba
STATUS Extinct
SYNONYMS Habanocnus hoffstetteri Mayo,
1978; Habanocnus paulacoutoi Mayo, 1978;
Galerocnus jaimezi Arredondo, 1997; Paramiocnus
riveroi Arredondo and Arredondo 2000
COMMENT See White and MacPhee (2001: 214)
and Silva-Taboada et al. (2007). The description of
G. jaimezi was based on insufficient material (a
damaged femur). In the case of P. riveroi, the
description material consisted in a single very
fragmented distal part of the left humerus. Both
came from the same locality (Cueva del Mono
Fosil, Sierra de Galeras, Pinar del Río). Arredondo
and Arredondo (2000) recognized riveroi
resembles antillensis and odontrigonus but with a
larger size, and they rejected the possibility of this
humerus belonging to jaimezi, although size
variation within population was not considered. In
their results, the humerus is larger than the femur
for antillensis, although the specimens analysed are
unclear. Silva-Taboada et al. (2007) support the
synonymy of jaimezi and riveroi.

www.researchgate.net/publication/273831338_UPDATED_CHECKLIST_OF_ENDEMIC_TERRESTRIAL_MAMMALS_OF_THE_WEST_INDIES

[Sebbe]

Biodiversity and conservation of Cuban mammals: past, present, and invasive species.

Land mammals of the Caribbean Islands biodiversity hotspot have suffered a high rate of extinction since human arrival, principally in the last 500 years since colonialism began. Here, we present an extensive review and bibliography of this topic in Cuba, including details regarding the surviving endemic species of volant and terrestrial mammals and locations of species on 121 protected areas. We analyzed patterns of species richness, endemism, body mass, diet, habitat, geographic distribution of the observed richness, conservation threats, and possible causes and threats to future extinction. Cuban mammal biodiversity is comprised of 59 native species, 24 extinct species and 35 extant species, most of which are endemic to the Cuban archipelago. We compared the threats of habitat destruction and hunting, with emphasis on invasive mammal species as drivers of historical extinction in Cuba. A total of 44 mammal species have been introduced since 1509, with 33 invasive species living in the wild and exerting differing degrees of impact, principally by predation and competition. Additionally, we evaluated interactions among invasive and native mammals, emphasizing predation of feral cats upon Solenodon cubanus, Capromys pilorides, and other small endemic vertebrates as determined from analyses of scat contents. We found that black rats (Rattus rattus) reach densities of 147–322 individuals/ha in Solenodon habitat, thus likely are major competitors for food and refuges to these evolutionarily distinct and endangered Cuban mammals.

www.researchgate.net/publication/319213521_Biodiversity_and_conservation_of_Cuban_mammals_past_present_and_invasive_species

[Sebbe]

Assessing the role of humans in Greater Antillean land vertebrate extinctions: new insights from Cuba.

The Caribbean archipelago is a hotspot of biodiversity characterized by a high rate of extinction. Recent studies have examined these losses, but the causes of the Antillean Late Quaternary vertebrate extinctions, and especially the role of humans, are still unclear. Previous results provide support for climate-related and human-induced extinctions, but often downplaying other complex bio-ecological factors that are difficult to model or to detect from the fossil and archaeological record. Here, we discuss Caribbean vertebrate extinctions and the potential role of humans derived from new and existing fossil and archaeological data from Cuba. Our results indicate that losses of Cuba’s native fauna occurred in waves: one during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, a second during the middle Holocene, and a third one during the last 2 ka, combining the arrival of agroceramists and later of Europeans. The coexistence of now-extinct species with multiple cultural groups in Cuba for over 4 ka implies that Cuban indigenous nonceramic cultures exerted far fewer extinction pressures to native fauna than the later agroceramists and Europeans that followed. This suggests a determinant value to increased technological sophistication and demographics as plausible effective extinction drivers. Beyond looking at dates of first human arrival alone, future studies should also consider cultural diversity with attention to different bio-ecological factors that influence these biodiversity changes.

www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.27.922237v3.full