Archaeolemur edwardsi (Greater Monkey Lemur)

[another specialist]

FAMILY ARCHAEOLEMURIDAE
GRANDIDIER, 1905
Nouv. Arch. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (Paris),
4e ser.: 102
Archaeolemur Filhol, 1895. Bull. Mus.
Natl. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 1: 13
TYPE SPECIES: Archaeolemur majori.
SYNONYMS: Lophiolemur Filhol, 1895, Dinolemur
Filhol, 1895 [in partim], Nesopithecus
Forsyth-Major, 1896, Globilemur Forsyth-
Major, 1897, Protoindris Lorenz, 1900,
Bradylemur Grandidier, 1899.

Archaeolemur edwardsi (Filhol, 1895). Bull.
Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 1: 13.
TYPE LOCALITY: Belo (Madagascar).
SYNONYMS: roberti, platyrrhinus.
DISTRIBUTION: Central highlands of Madagascar.

www.google.co.uk/search?q=Pachylemur+insignis&hl=en&lr=&start=40&sa=N

[sebbe67]

AMNH 15869 Archaeolemur edwardsi Primates

valid
COMMENTS ON IDENTIFICATION
IDENTIFIED BY
DESCRIPTION
Upper and lower jaw

REMARKS STATUS DUPLICATE
LOCALITY INFORMATION
LOCALITY NAME
Ampazambazimba, Madagascar Exchange with the Brt. Mus. 1911

TIME PERIOD
Cenozoic Neogene Pleistocene
ROCK UNITS

GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
Africa
Madagascar
STRATIGRAPHIC/LOCALITY NOTES
1911

paleo.amnh.org/fossil/show.html?cat_num=FM%2015869

[another specialist]

A interesting pdf file with a bit more info aswell

www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/birds/pdf/hfj9.pdf

[sordes]

Pictures of more bones and microscopic examination of its teeth:
www.laits.utexas.edu/shapiro/sub/sub15.html
www.laits.utexas.edu/shapiro/sub/sub16.html

[another specialist]

sordes said:

Pictures of more bones and microscopic examination of its teeth:
www.laits.utexas.edu/shapiro/sub/sub15.html
www.laits.utexas.edu/shapiro/sub/sub16.html

Archaeolemur - Dental Characteristics

Archaeolemur is unique among Malagasy lemurs in its derived bilophodont molar pattern, which was once a feature used to unite Archaeolemur with the Old World monkeys. The molars have low rounded cusps, while the anterior premolar is caniniform. It has lost the lower canines in its toothcomb, which is modified to 4 teeth and obliquely positioned. The central incisors are enormous and spatulate, and lacking the typical strepsirrhine interincisal gap, while the lateral upper incisors are small.

[another specialist]

www.laits.utexas.edu/shapiro/sub/sub16.html

[another specialist]

Walker's Mammals of the World
By Ronald M. Nowak, Ernest Pillsbury Walker

[another specialist]

Walker's Primates of the World
By Ronald M. Nowak, Ernest Pillsbury Walker, Russell A. Mittermeier, William R. Konstant, Anthony B. Rylands

[surroundx]

Russo, Gabrielle A. (2016). Comparative sacral morphology and the reconstructed tail lengths of five extinct primates: Proconsul heseloni, Epipliopithecus vindobonensis, Archaeolemur edwardsi, Megaladapis grandidieri, and Palaeopropithecus kelyus. Journal of Human Evolution 90: 135-162. [Abstract]

[Melanie]

Tooth chipping patterns in Archaeolemur provide insight into diet and behavior


Objectives

Archaeolemur is a recently extinct genus of lemur that is often compared to some Cercopithecidae, especially baboons. This is due in part to their derived dentition, with large anterior teeth and reduced bilophodont molars. Research involving comparative morphology, analysis of coprolites, isotopes, and enamel structure, have suggested Archaeolemur had an omnivorous diet involving mechanically challenging items. Yet, microwear analysis of posterior teeth does not necessarily support this conclusion.
Materials and Methods

In this macroscopic study, dental chipping was recorded on permanent teeth of Archaeolemur from different localities (53 individuals; 447 permanent teeth; including both A. edwardsi and A. majori specimens). This study aimed to compare chipping patterns across the dentition of Archaeolemur with chipping in other primates.


onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajpa.24674

[Sebbe]

The macroevolutionary impact of recent and imminent mammal extinctions on Madagascar.

Many of Madagascar’s unique species are threatened with extinction. However, the severity of recent and potential extinctions in a global evolutionary context is unquantified. Here, we compile a phylogenetic dataset for the complete non-marine mammalian biota of Madagascar and estimate natural rates of extinction, colonization, and speciation. We measure how long it would take to restore Madagascar’s mammalian biodiversity under these rates, the “evolutionary return time” (ERT). At the time of human arrival there were approximately 250 species of mammals on Madagascar, resulting from 33 colonisation events (28 by bats), but at least 30 of these species have gone extinct since then. We show that the loss of currently threatened species would have a much deeper long-term impact than all the extinctions since human arrival. A return from current to pre-human diversity would take 1.6 million years (Myr) for bats, and 2.9 Myr for non-volant mammals. However, if species currently classified as threatened go extinct, the ERT rises to 2.9 Myr for bats and 23 Myr for non-volant mammals. Our results suggest that an extinction wave with deep evolutionary impact is imminent on Madagascar unless immediate conservation actions are taken.

www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-35215-3

[Sebbe]

Who Ate the Subfossil Lemurs? A Taphonomic and Community Study of Raptor, Crocodylian and Carnivoran Predation of the Extinct Quaternary Lemurs of Madagascar.

protectedareas.mg/document/show/269191

[Sebbe]

Subfossil lemur discoveries from the Beanka Protected Area in western Madagascar.

A new fossil site in a previously unexplored part of western Madagascar (the Beanka Protected Area) has yielded remains of many recently extinct vertebrates, including giant lemurs (Babakotia radofilai, Palaeopropithecus kelyus, Pachylemur sp., and Archaeolemur edwardsi), carnivores (Cryptoprocta spelea), the aardvark-like Plesiorycteropus sp., and giant ground cuckoos (Coua). Many of these represent considerable range extensions. Extant species that were extirpated from the region (e.g., Prolemur simus) are also present. Calibrated radiocarbon ages for 10 bones from extinct primates span the last three millennia. The largely undisturbed taphonomy of bone deposits supports the interpretation that many specimens fell in from a rock ledge above the entrance. Some primates and other mammals may have been prey items of avian predators, but human predation is also evident. Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) suggest that fossils were local to the area. Pottery sherds and bones of extinct and extant vertebrates with cut and chop marks indicate human activity in previous centuries. Scarcity of charcoal and human artifacts suggests only occasional visitation to the site by humans. The fossil assemblage from this site is unusual in that, while it contains many sloth lemurs, it lacks ratites, hippopotami, and crocodiles typical of nearly all other Holocene subfossil sites on Madagascar.

www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/abs/subfossil-lemur-discoveries-from-the-beanka-protected-area-in-western-madagascar/FFF442F4FA0FDA35440158CFA3E97A8F