Post by Melanie on Dec 12, 2016 12:29:31 GMT
Scientific Name: Hemignathus lucidus
Species Authority: Lichtenstein, 1839
Common Name(s):
English – Oahu Nukupuu
Taxonomic Source(s): del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Identification information: 14 cm. Medium-sized honeycreeper with strongly downcurved "heterobill" in which mandible is half the length of maxilla. Similar spp. Kauai Amakihi H. kauaiensis has paler bill, less head/back contrast, and dingier underparts. Maui Parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys rather similar in plumage, but much heavier bill. Voice Song a short warble, call ke-wit, both similar to voice of Akiapolaau H. munroi of Hawai'i.
Assessment Information [top]
Red List Category & Criteria: Extinct ver 3.1
Year Published: 2016
Date Assessed: 2016-10-01
Assessor(s): BirdLife International
Reviewer(s): Butchart, S. & Symes, A.
Contributor(s): Baker, H.C., Baker, P.E., Camp, R., Fretz, S., Gorresen, M., VanderWerf, E., Woodworth, B. & Morin, M.
Facilitator/Compiler(s): Benstead, P., Bird, J., Butchart, S., Isherwood, I., Khwaja, N., Stattersfield, A., Stuart, T., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Derhé, M., Martin, R
Justification:
This species was found in O'ahu, Hawaii but it went extinct around the end of the 19th century. Perkins found evidence that many individuals existed in the forests of Oahu in 1860, but no collectors found any trace of it in the 1890s (Munro 1960).
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Hemignathus lucidus was endemic to O'ahu in the Hawaiian Islands, U.S.A., but it went extinct around the end of the 19th century. Perkins found evidence that many individuals existed in the forests of Oahu in 1860, but no collectors found any trace of it in the 1890s (Munro 1960).
Countries occurrence:
Regionally extinct:
United States (Hawaiian Is.)
Additional data:
♦ Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ♦ Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2:
♦ Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ♦ Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
♦ Number of Locations: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in number of locations: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No ♦ Lower elevation limit (metres): 1000
♦ Upper elevation limit (metres): 2000
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Extinct. Perkins found evidence that many individuals existed in the forests of Oahu in 1860, but no collectors found any trace of it in the 1890s (Munro 1960).
Additional data:
♦ Number of mature individuals: 0 ♦ Continuing decline of mature individuals: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations: No ♦ Population severely fragmented: No
♦ No. of subpopulations: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in subpopulations: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ♦ All individuals in one subpopulation: Unknown
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: It may have inhabited dense, wet `ohi`a forest and the higher parts of mesic koa-`ohi`a forest (Scott et al. 1986, Pratt et al. 1987).
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: No
Generation Length (years): 5.5
Movement patterns: Not a Migrant
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): This distinct species was originally collected in 1837 and went extinct sometime around the start of the 20th century. Deforestation had cleared much lowland habitat, but on other islands its sister species occurred to high elevations. Multiple invasive species were already established on Oahu in the 19th century, with the arrival of Rattus rattus shortly followed by Small Indian Mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus in an attempt at control possibly having the most significant effect on Oahu Nukupu'u. The arrival of avian pox and and avian malaria may have ensured extinction, either that or Hemignathus lucidus had checked out even before these additional disasters arrived on the shores of this 'paradise' island.
www.iucnredlist.org/details/103823595/0
Species Authority: Lichtenstein, 1839
Common Name(s):
English – Oahu Nukupuu
Taxonomic Source(s): del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Identification information: 14 cm. Medium-sized honeycreeper with strongly downcurved "heterobill" in which mandible is half the length of maxilla. Similar spp. Kauai Amakihi H. kauaiensis has paler bill, less head/back contrast, and dingier underparts. Maui Parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys rather similar in plumage, but much heavier bill. Voice Song a short warble, call ke-wit, both similar to voice of Akiapolaau H. munroi of Hawai'i.
Assessment Information [top]
Red List Category & Criteria: Extinct ver 3.1
Year Published: 2016
Date Assessed: 2016-10-01
Assessor(s): BirdLife International
Reviewer(s): Butchart, S. & Symes, A.
Contributor(s): Baker, H.C., Baker, P.E., Camp, R., Fretz, S., Gorresen, M., VanderWerf, E., Woodworth, B. & Morin, M.
Facilitator/Compiler(s): Benstead, P., Bird, J., Butchart, S., Isherwood, I., Khwaja, N., Stattersfield, A., Stuart, T., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Derhé, M., Martin, R
Justification:
This species was found in O'ahu, Hawaii but it went extinct around the end of the 19th century. Perkins found evidence that many individuals existed in the forests of Oahu in 1860, but no collectors found any trace of it in the 1890s (Munro 1960).
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Hemignathus lucidus was endemic to O'ahu in the Hawaiian Islands, U.S.A., but it went extinct around the end of the 19th century. Perkins found evidence that many individuals existed in the forests of Oahu in 1860, but no collectors found any trace of it in the 1890s (Munro 1960).
Countries occurrence:
Regionally extinct:
United States (Hawaiian Is.)
Additional data:
♦ Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ♦ Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2:
♦ Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ♦ Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
♦ Number of Locations: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in number of locations: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No ♦ Lower elevation limit (metres): 1000
♦ Upper elevation limit (metres): 2000
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Extinct. Perkins found evidence that many individuals existed in the forests of Oahu in 1860, but no collectors found any trace of it in the 1890s (Munro 1960).
Additional data:
♦ Number of mature individuals: 0 ♦ Continuing decline of mature individuals: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations: No ♦ Population severely fragmented: No
♦ No. of subpopulations: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in subpopulations: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ♦ All individuals in one subpopulation: Unknown
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: It may have inhabited dense, wet `ohi`a forest and the higher parts of mesic koa-`ohi`a forest (Scott et al. 1986, Pratt et al. 1987).
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: No
Generation Length (years): 5.5
Movement patterns: Not a Migrant
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): This distinct species was originally collected in 1837 and went extinct sometime around the start of the 20th century. Deforestation had cleared much lowland habitat, but on other islands its sister species occurred to high elevations. Multiple invasive species were already established on Oahu in the 19th century, with the arrival of Rattus rattus shortly followed by Small Indian Mongoose Herpestes auropunctatus in an attempt at control possibly having the most significant effect on Oahu Nukupu'u. The arrival of avian pox and and avian malaria may have ensured extinction, either that or Hemignathus lucidus had checked out even before these additional disasters arrived on the shores of this 'paradise' island.
www.iucnredlist.org/details/103823595/0