Ciridops tenax (Stout-legged Finch)

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Ciridops tenax
Olson & James 1991
Holocene of Kauai, Hawaiian Islands
Primary materials: Holotype: maxilla
Secondary materials: Paratypes: maxilla, right femur, right tibiotarsus, right tibiotarsus, pedal phalanx

Storrs L. Olson & Helen F. James,
Descriptions of thirty-two new species of birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part II. Passeriformes
Ornithological Monographs 46 (1991)
The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington D.C.

[Deleted]

Hi !

Very old and not that good:



Bye
Alex

[another specialist]

source for my entry

www.ornitaxa.com/SM/Fossil/FossilFringilli.htm

[another specialist]

The species list from Ma¯ha¯‘ulepu¯ Cave includes all but two of the passerines (Oreomystis bairdi, the Kauai Creeper or Akikiki, and Ciridops tenax, an extinct drepanidine) reported from owl pellet deposits in the nearby Makawehi Dunes (Olson and James 1982b, James and Olson 1991), plus four or five species that are new for the island.

www.nmnh.si.edu/vert/birds/pdf/hfj1.pdf

[another specialist]

commonly called the Stout-legged Finch

[another specialist]

Ciridops tenax, new species
(Figs. 3lB, 32B, 33D, E, 34C, D, 35A-C, G-I)
"Ciridops sp., Kauai" Olson and James, 1982b:42, 45; 1984:771.
Holotype: Maxilla lacking fight lateral nasal bar, USNM 254913 (Figs. 3lB,
32B). Collected 17 August 1976 by Storrs L. Olson, C. J. Ralph, Carol P. Ralph,
and John Luther.
Type locality: Site K-2, Makawehi dunes, Kauai, Hawaii.
Distribution: Kauai: Makewehi dunes.
Etymology: Latin, tenant, holding firmly; so named for the muscular leg and
large, presumably grasping foot possessed by members of this genus.
Measurements ofholotype: See Table 12.
Paratypes: Associated bones of one individual, USNM 254985, consisting of
four fragments of the maxilla, the mandibular symphysis, fight femur still in
articulation with the acetabulum, the proximal end of the right tibiotarsus without
the cnemial crest, the distal end of the right tarsometatarsus, and one pedal
phalanx. The bones were cemented in a nodule of calcareous sand in the configuration
of a regurgitated owl pellet (Olson and James 1982b:fig. 10). When the
matrix was removed, this same pellet also yielded bones of one individual each
of Loxops stejnegeri and L. parvus.
Maxilla lacking nasals, USNM 254607; three mandibular symphyses, USNM
254157 (Figs. 33E, 34D), 254158,254159; right mandibular ramus, USNM 254969
(Figs. 33D, 34C); left articular end of the mandible lacking medial process, USNM
254971; synsacrum with the left half of the pelvis and the fight iliac crest still
fused, USNM 445819 (Fig. 35A); synsacrum, USNM 445820; three right femora,
254034, 254043, 254046, six left femora, USNM 254035, 254044 (Fig. 35C),
254045 (Fig. 35B), 254240, 254047, 254965; left tibiotarsus, USNM 254062 (Fig.
35G); three right tarsometatarsi, USNM 254079, 254080, 254082; six left tarsometatarsi,
USNM 254078 (Fig. 35H), 254081, 254083, 254085, 254086 (Fig.
35I), 254167.
Measurements (mm) ofparatypes: Partial skeleton, USNM 254985: Mandible:
length oftomial crest, 8.4; length ofsymphysis, 6.0. Femur: length, 14.5; proximal
width, 3.0; mid-shaft depth, 1.2; distal width, 3.3. Tarsometatarsus: mid-shaft
width, 1.1; distal width, 2.1.
For additional measurements of paratypes see Tables 12 and 13.
Diagnosis: The maxilla is similar to that of Ciridops anna, as is the mandible,
with the following exceptions: the retroarticular process is longer, resembling a
more upturned and somewhat shortened version of the retroarticular process in
Vestiaria coccinea, the middle part of the ramus is not as deep, and the mandibular
foramen is less enlarged. The femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus are stouter
than in Himatione, Vestiaria, Palmeria, or Drepanis, but not as stout as in Ciridops anna.
Remarks: In all of the characters mentioned in the diagnosis, C. tenax is intermediate
between its more derived relative, C. anna. and the other taxa in
Perkins' (1903) Division 1. Thus C. tenax stands out as the only new drepanidine
species that we could interpret as a possible "missing link" between two distinct
morphotypes.
Bones of the hindlimb ofC. tenax are consistently smaller than in the specimens
examined of C. anna, suggesting that C. tenaxwas a somewhat smaller bird overall
(Table 13).

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all from

elibrary.unm.edu/sora/om/om046.pdf.

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[Melanie]

History, Structure, Evolution, Behavior, Distribution, and Ecology of the Extinct Hawaiian Genus Ciridops (Fringillidae, Carduelini, Drepanidini)

www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1676/1559-4491-124.4.651